Racial and ethnic disparities in postnatal growth of infants born before 30 weeks of gestation

Racial and ethnic disparities in postnatal growth of infants born before 30 weeks of gestation
  • Brown CC, Moore JE, Tilford JM. Rates of preterm birth and low birthweight: An analysis of racial and ethnic populations. Health Aff (Millwood). 2023;42:261–7.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Qattea I, Burdjalov M, Quatei A, Agha KT, Kteish R, Aly H Disparities in neonatal mortalities in the United States. Children (Basel) 2023; 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10081386.

  • Boghossian NS, Geraci M, Lorch SA, Phibbs CS, Edwards EM, Horbar JD. Racial and ethnic differences over time in outcomes of infants born less than 30 weeks’ gestation. Pediatrics. 2019;144:e20191106.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Travers CP, Carlo WA, McDonald SA, Das A, Ambalavanan N, Bell EF, et al. Racial/ethnic disparities among extremely preterm infants in the United States from 2002 to 2016. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3:e206757.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Parker MG, Stellwagen LM, Noble L, Kim JH, Poindexter BB, Puopolo KM, et al. Promoting human milk and breastfeeding for the very low birth weight infant. Pediatrics. 2021;148:e2021054272.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Boghossian NS, Geraci M, Edwards EM, Morrow KA, Horbar JD. Anthropometric charts for infants born between 22 and 29 weeks’ gestation. Pediatrics. 2016;138:e20161641–e20161641.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Jerome M, Chandler-Laney P, Affuso O, Li P, Salas AA. Racial differences in growth rates and body composition of infants born preterm. J Perinatol. 2022;42:385–8.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee SM, Sie L, Liu J, Profit J, Main E, Lee HC. Racial and ethnic disparities in postnatal growth among very low birth weight infants in California. J Perinatol. 2023;43:371–7.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Salas AA, Chetta K, Lach L, Katikaneni L, Itriago E, Hair AB, et al. Race as social determinant of growth and body composition among infants born very preterm. Pediatr Res. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-024-03406-x.

  • Jones CP. Levels of racism: a theoretic framework and a gardener’s tale. Am J Public Health. 2000;90:1212–15.

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Rees CA, Stewart AM, Mehta S, Avakame E, Jackson J, McKay J, et al. Reporting of participant race and ethnicity in published US pediatric clinical trials from 2011 to 2020. JAMA Pediatr. 2022;176:e220142.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Nama N, Panda P, Montez K, Nafiu OO, First LR, Kemper AR. Trends in the use and discussion of race in Pediatrics articles over 75 years. Pediatrics 2024; 153. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2023-064819.

  • Chou F-S, Yeh H-W, Clark RH. A comparative study of postnatal anthropometric growth in very preterm infants and intrauterine growth. Nat Commun. 2023;14:5626.

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Parker MG, Gupta M, Melvin P, Burnham LA, Lopera AM, Moses JM, et al. Racial and ethnic disparities in the use of mother’s milk feeding for very low birth weight infants in Massachusetts. J Pediatr. 2019;204:134–141.e1.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Spitzer AR, Ellsbury DL, Handler D, Clark RH. The Pediatrix BabySteps Data Warehouse and the Pediatrix QualitySteps improvement project system–tools for “meaningful use” in continuous quality improvement. Clin Perinatol. 2010;37:49–70.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Management and Budget Office. Revisions to OMB’s Statistical Policy Directive No. 15: Standards for Maintaining, Collecting, and Presenting Federal Data on race and ethnicity. Federal Register. https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2024-06469.

  • Marshall NE, Guild C, Cheng YW, Caughey AB, Halloran DR. Racial disparities in pregnancy outcomes in obese women. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2014;27:122–6.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Li H, Hansen AR, McGalliard Z, Gover L, Yan F, Zhang J. Trends in smoking and smoking cessation during pregnancy from 1985 to 2014, racial and ethnic disparity observed from multiple national surveys. Matern Child Health J. 2018;22:685–93.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Bornstein E, Eliner Y, Chervenak FA, Grünebaum A. Racial disparity in pregnancy risks and complications in the US: Temporal changes during 2007-2018. J Clin Med. 2020;9:1414.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Dongarwar D, Garcia BY, Booker A, Sankhavaram M, Salihu HM. Implications of social determinants of health characteristics on fetal growth restriction among various racial/ethnic groups. Matern Child Health J. 2023;27:650–8.

    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim MK, James-Todd TM, Chie L, Werner EF, Chu MT. Racial/ethnic and nativity disparities in gestational diabetes mellitus, United States 2018–2021. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-025-02376-y.

  • El-Dib I, Farghaly MAA, Saker F, Abu-Shaweesh JM, Alzayyat S, Mohamed MA, et al. Chorioamnionitis, cesarean deliveries, and racial disparities in the USA. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2025;12:447–52.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Chou F-S, Yeh H-W, Clark RH. Postnatal weight growth trajectory in infants born between 30 4/7 weeks and 34 3/7 weeks of gestation. J Perinatol. 2024;44:575–7.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • link